The company is committed to the development, promotion and application of new wear-resistant materials, new technologies and new products, and has established long-term cooperative relationships with harbin boiler, dongguo, dongfang electric, wuxi huaguang, sichuan boiler, etc. It has been recognized as "henan province science and technology small and medium-sized enterprises" and "henan province innovative pilot enterprise" by the henan provincial department of science and technology; "henan province bauxite high temperature material engineering technology research center" recognized by the henan provincial department of industry and information technology; december 2019 it passed the integration certification of industrialization and informatization by the national industry and information technology commission in march; it was recognized as a "specialized, special and innovative" enterprise in 2020; it was recognized as a national high-tech enterprise in 2021.
Why Choose Us
Our factory
The company is committed to the development, promotion and application of new wear-resistant materials, new technologies and new products, and has established long-term cooperative relationships with harbin boiler, dongguo, dongfang electric, wuxi huaguang, sichuan boiler, etc.
Our products
High density and high strength ceramsite proppant,low density and high strength ceramsite proppant,medium density high strength ceramsite proppant,ultra low density and high strength ceramsite proppant.
Production market
Zheng nai petroleum's fracturing proppant products fully comply with the standards of the fracturing acidification center proppant evaluation laboratory of langfang branch of china petroleum exploration and development research institute, the american stim-lab, and the british frac-tech laboratory.
Our certificate
The product performance has reached the international leading level and passed american petroleum institute apiq1 certification.The laboratory of henan zhengnai new materials co., ltd. Has passed the national laboratory accreditation cnas certification.
Ceramsite sand plays an important role in the oil and gas extraction process. Its main function is to enter rock cracks as a filler during the fracturing process to support the cracks from closing due to stress release, thereby maintaining high conductivity, allowing oil and gas to flow smoothly, and increasing production.
The fracking proppant sand is made by fine processing with high content of bauxite, mixing some chemical agents and phase-changing agents to produce small round particles of different sizes, which are sintered at high temperature, the product has the characteristics of high strength, low crushing rate and good sphericity under closed pressure. It is a good product for fracturing and reforming formation in oil and gas field.
In the process of oil and gas extraction, after fracturing treatment of high closing pressure and low permeability mineral deposits, fluid needs to be injected into the rock base to exceed the fracture strength of the formation, causing cracks in the rock formations around the wellbore to form a channel with high-level flow capabilities. . During this process, oil fracturing proppant plays a role in supporting the fractures from closing due to stress release, thereby maintaining high conductivity, allowing oil and gas to flow smoothly, and increasing production.
What is Fracking Proppant?
Hydraulic fracturing proppant is a specialized material utilized in the oil and gas industry to facilitate the extraction of hydrocarbons from unconventional reservoirs. During the hydraulic fracturing process, high-pressure fluid is injected into targeted rock formations, creating fractures that allow trapped oil and gas to flow towards production wells. The proppant's primary function is to maintain these fractures in an open state, ensuring unimpeded passage of hydrocarbons throughout the lifespan of the well.
Advantages of Fracking Proppant
Enhanced fracture conductivity
Hydraulic fracturing proppant are instrumental in maintaining the conductivity of fractures, ensuring that the pathways for hydrocarbon flow remain open. By filling the fractures, fracking proppant prevent them from closing or narrowing under the pressure of the surrounding formation.
Increased recovery efficiency
Utilizing fracking proppant in refracking processes can significantly enhance the recovery efficiency of oil and gas wells. By preventing the fractures from closing, fracking proppant allow for a higher percentage of the reservoir's hydrocarbons to be extracted.
Extended well life
The use of fracking proppant can extend the productive life of a well by maintaining fracture conductivity over an extended period. By preventing the fractures from closing, fracking proppant allow for sustained production rates and reduce the need for frequent refracking operations.
Cost-effectiveness
Fracking proppant offer a cost-effective solution for refracking processes. Sand proppants, due to their abundance and relatively low cost, provide a cost-efficient option for many wells.
In a hydraulic fracturing treatment, fracturing fluid is injected into the well at treating pressures that are higher than the so-called "formation breakdown pressure." in practical terms, this pressure corresponds to the minimum horizontal stress that exists within the rock formation. Ideally, this high fluid pressure results in the propagation of a vertically-oriented, two-wing, fracture, which is perpendicular to this minimum horizontal stress.
When the created fracture is wide enough to accept them, proppant particles (sand or some other solid material) are mixed with the carrying fluid and injected into the fracture. The proppant material gradually fills up the fracture so that when the pumps are stopped, the proppant keeps the fracture from closing entirely.
The propped-open, vertically oriented fracture that results from a successful treatment may be several dozen or several hundred feet high, and extend tens, hundreds, or potentially several thousand feet from the wellbore on either side. Although the fracture is typically just a fraction of an inch wide, it drastically changes the flow characteristics of the formation. Depending on the individual reservoir, this can enhance well productivity by as much as four to six times that of the initial stabilized rate of an un-fractured well.
Specifications of Fracking Proppant
Buoyancy
Manufactured proppants are lighter and more buoyant than sand-based proppants. Precision in size and gravity make them suitable for the individual fracking fluids utilized in a well. Frac sand, on the other hand, features a variety of grain sizes and shapes as well as greater densities than manufactured proppants. This necessitates the use of fracking fluids with higher viscosity pumped at an increased pressure to embed the particles in the fractured formations.
Strength
Engineered proppants offer the advantage of strength over most natural sands. A rotary kiln, where powdered minerals are sintered at high temperatures, facilitates the production of highly durable beads. These beads are capable of resisting heavy loads without breaking and producing fines. The use of such proppants has the potential to dramatically improve well production given their added robustness.
Price
Sand-based proppants have a significant edge when it comes to cost. Quartz sand located near the earth's surface is the primary source for specialized sand used in fracking, resulting in lower costs associated with excavation and transportation. Proppant sintering employs sophisticated manufacturing equipment and process along with raw materials that are more expensive to acquire. As a result, the cost for ceramic proppants substantially exceeds the cost of sand-based products.
Resin-coated sand
The grains are industrially coated with resin to improve crush resistance and effective density while retaining the price advantage of using sand material. The resin coating helps resist flow back and capture fines if they separate from the grains when force is applied. Rcs is more expensive than untreated sand; however, it is more reasonably priced than proppants fabricated using the sintering process. Untreated sand is applied in shallower wells where less pressure is exerted while rcs and engineered proppants are preferred in deeper wells with higher levels of pressure.
Challenges and Limitations of Proppants in Refracking
Refracking, the process of stimulating an already fractured well to enhance oil and gas production, has gained significant attention in the oil and gas industry. One crucial component of refracking is the use of proppants, which are small particles added to the fracking fluid to prop open the fractures and allow the hydrocarbons to flow more freely. While proppants play a vital role in enhancing well productivity, they also face certain challenges and limitations that need to be addressed for optimal results.
From an operational standpoint, one major challenge faced by proppants in refracking is their ability to withstand high pressure and temperature conditions. As the refracking process involves injecting fluids and proppants at higher pressures and temperatures than the initial fracking operation, it puts immense stress on the proppants. This can lead to their crushing or deformation, reducing their ability to prop open fractures effectively.
Additionally, the selection of the right proppant type and size is crucial for successful refracking. Different reservoir formations and well conditions require specific proppant characteristics to maximize well productivity. However, the wide range of proppant options available in the market, including sand, ceramic, and resin-coated proppants, can make the selection process complex. Each proppant type has its own advantages and limitations, such as cost, conductivity, and crush resistance, which must be carefully considered.
The Role Fracking Proppant Play in Hydraulic Fracking
Once the rock cracks the fracturing fluid seeps into the cracks, adding more pressure to those cracks and thereby further extending the fracture. Once the pressure from the pumped fracturing fluids stops, there would be an inclination for the fractures in the rock to begin to reclose due to the compressive force from the overlying rock strata. In order to prevent this from occurring a proppant is added to the fracturing fluids. A proppant is a material that prevents the fracture from closing once the pressure of the fluid is removed.
Often grains of silica sand or resin-coated sand are used as proppants. However, synthetic ceramics are also very popular and it is believed that these may make better proppants. This is due to their uniform size and shape and is theorized to increase porosity by allowing more crude oil or natural gas to get through. Other types of proppants include various types of gels and foams.
The type of proppant used is selected based on several factors particular to the well. For instance the permeability of the proppant will come into play since this is what will allow the formation fluids to get through. The proppant's strength is also very important, especially at deeper depths where the pressure on the fractures is higher. In general there is a tradeoff between the viscosity of the proppant and the energy required to maintain its pump rate or flow velocity. Greater viscosity allows for more concentrated proppant, but requires greater energy and pressure demands. Other factors at play may be the the cost and ready accessibility of the proppant, or its ph level.
Block cave mining
Block caving is an underground mass mining method where the extraction of the ore depends largely on the action of gravity. A shaft and horizontal galleries are driven to below the ore body and a relatively thin horizontal layer of the overhead supporting rock is removed, using standard mining methods. Removal of this support allows the ore to cave into the galleries by gravity from where it is removed to allow caving to continue.
Rock stress determination for geotechnical design
In hydraulic fracturing for stress determination also referred to as hydrofracturing, and sometimes as minifracing, a section of borehole is isolated between two inflatable packers and the pressure is raised by pumping fluid into it at a controlled rate until a fracture occurs in the borehole wall. Pumping is stopped and the pressure in the interval is allowed to stabilize. The pressure is then reduced to the pore pressure level of the rock formation, and the pressurization/depressurization process is repeated several times maintaining the same flow rate. The magnitudes of the principal stresses are calculated from the various pressure readings.
Geothermal
Enhanced geothermal energy production (egs) involves the injection of water in a well, heating the water in the subsurface, and extraction of the same water as steam or hot water from a second well. Hydraulic fracturing is utilized to establish a flow pathway between the injection and extraction wells. The magnitude of fracturing operations for egs is dependent on the well spacings required to achieve effective heat transfer for each particular project.
Coalbed methane (cbm) development
Hydraulic fracturing in cbm wells is performed in similar fashion and for similar purposes as for conventional oil and gas wells. The major difference is that of scale in that the cbm reservoirs, normally being nearer to surface, require lower pressures, less volume and fewer additives in the fracturing fluid.
Coal mine methane (cmm) drainage
The objective of cmm drainage is to reduce the methane content of coal seams prior to mining both for safety and environmental reasons and also as an additional revenue stream. Hydraulic fracturing both with and without sand proppant is used to enhance the production of methane from the coal. These treatments are conducted from both vertical holes and horizontal, in-seam drill holes. The scale of treatments varies widely but are typically smaller than cbm stimulation fractures, especially if carried out from underground.
Rock burst mitigation
This is a relatively new area of application for hydraulic fracturing and remains in the early evaluation stage with no large scale deployment as yet. As noted in, hydraulic fracturing is being investigated as a means of reducing in-situ rock stress to ameliorate the frequency and severity of rock burst incidents.
Certifications
Our Factory
The company is committed to the development, promotion and application of new wear-resistant materials, new technologies and new products, and has established long-term cooperative relationships with harbin boiler, dongguo, dongfang electric, wuxi huaguang, sichuan boiler, etc. It has been recognized as "henan province science and technology small and medium-sized enterprises" and "henan province innovative pilot enterprise" by the henan provincial department of science and technology; "henan province bauxite high temperature material engineering technology research center" recognized by the henan provincial department of industry and information technology; december 2019 it passed the integration certification of industrialization and informatization by the national industry and information technology commission in march; it was recognized as a "specialized, special and innovative" enterprise in 2020; it was recognized as a national high-tech enterprise in 2021.
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